Fascism
Fascism is a form of ultranationalist authoritarianism that seeks national rebirth through a single-party state, a cult of the leader, the suppression of opposition and the mobilisation of the masses. It glorifies violence, war and national unity, and subordinates the individual to the nation.
- The nation is the supreme value, and the individual exists to serve it.
- A single party and a supreme leader should hold total power.
- Violence and war are means of national renewal.
Fascism began with Benito Mussolini's movement in Italy, which took power in 1922. Nazism in Germany under Adolf Hitler, from 1933, added a racial ideology that led to the Holocaust. Other fascist movements arose across Europe in the 1920s–1940s. Historians such as Robert Paxton and Roger Griffin have studied it as a distinctly modern movement rather than a return to the old order.
Fascist regimes were responsible for aggressive wars, genocide and mass repression, and fascism is widely regarded as discredited. Few movements adopt the label openly today.
Countries and historical regimes whose 12-axis profile is closer to Fascism than to any other ideology in the test.
Historical regimes
Method: each ideology is placed at a typical position on the 12 axes, scored from 0 to 100 toward the first pole. Ranks compare it with the other 45 ideologies; matches are 100 minus the average distance across all axes. The positions are our own calibration, not taken from any third-party source.